Why I'm Making My Own Brakes

lifes2short

Member
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5,831
cant be 4rsed to read this whole post but sounds interesting, probably mentioned already by someone but wouldn't this be a problem for insurance purposes, seems like a good get out clause if in accident and not disclosed, not that insurance companies need much of an excuse to wriggle anyway
 

2b1ask1

Special case
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20,268
Surely there are other vehicles in the FCA group that use the same hubs? I cannot believe that they are exclusive to the 3200/2400/GS. You mentioned earlier that they were from a design period where smaller rims were common but things were changing. If other heavy FCA vehicles were being produced around that time with these hubs are there not alternative setups already using larger diameter disks, bigger bigger back plates and calipers With internal handbrakes?
 

Twinspark

Member
Messages
460
Surely there are other vehicles in the FCA group that use the same hubs? I cannot believe that they are exclusive to the 3200/2400/GS. You mentioned earlier that they were from a design period where smaller rims were common but things were changing. If other heavy FCA vehicles were being produced around that time with these hubs are there not alternative setups already using larger diameter disks, bigger bigger back plates and calipers With internal handbrakes?
I think they are shared with either the Alfa 166, or the Ferrari 456/550/575. I believe the 550 brakes are the same, 575 might be a bit better but haven’t looked into it enough to confirm.
 

Zep

Moderator
Messages
9,261
It is shared with the 550/575, 456 slightly different. But they used the same handbrake mech too so no benefit to be had.

The issue here public and product liability. In the event of a failure that causes an accident, injury or worse, it is crucial that there is a mechanism in place to cover the potential repercussions in this safety critical area. Any part of the design can be subject to litigation.
 

lambertius

Banned
Messages
341
I keep trying this in my head, and I still don't know if you're living dangerously :D

C

Just living my best life ;)


cant be 4rsed to read this whole post but sounds interesting, probably mentioned already by someone but wouldn't this be a problem for insurance purposes, seems like a good get out clause if in accident and not disclosed, not that insurance companies need much of an excuse to wriggle anyway

A few people have raised this, what is it with UK insurance? Is it particularly aggressive or what? I mean just on youtube there are a million car channels in the UK with people running all kinds of modifications including brake kits, surely there must be some framework for OEM replacements and performance parts? The short version is it shouldn't be an issue, the rotors I'm using are widely available around the world and compliant with a whole massive bucket load of certifications and compliance stuff.

Surely there are other vehicles in the FCA group that use the same hubs? I cannot believe that they are exclusive to the 3200/2400/GS. You mentioned earlier that they were from a design period where smaller rims were common but things were changing. If other heavy FCA vehicles were being produced around that time with these hubs are there not alternative setups already using larger diameter disks, bigger bigger back plates and calipers With internal handbrakes?

My response to this ties into @Zep 's comments about liability. It would seem the rotors were used on a range of cars, but are slightly different between them. They're also way overpriced for what they are. I'm also not looking to replace the calipers, it isn't necessary and would just push the costs into oblivion. That said, if I were to replace the whole setup I would've gone with AP Racing since they have the most complete catalogue available.

Liability though is the tip of the ice berg and is really a tiny issue because it is simple to address. As it turns out, anyone can call any insurance broker or company and go 'I'd like to get some product liability insurance please, this is my product' and then that is the end of it, a few bucks in and there can be tens of millions of dollars of coverage. In fact, I'd actually say that the accessibility of this kind of protection is part of the real problem, which is junk in the market. Uncle Bob's Mechanic house can, and often does exactly what I'm doing now but without any of the investigation, engineering or design work. They 'build' it, test and go 'yeah, she'll be right' and then sell it and so long as they have liability insurance its all okay right? Well obviously not, you're just trusting that they did it properly. It gets even worse when they have a trusted name as the number of reputable brands or workshops shilling their own products which do nothing, or worse compromise something, is obscene. The perfect example would be Individual Throttle Bodies for MX-5s. ITBs are incredibly difficult to do properly, but there are well respected brands out there 'saying, yeah get these things and you'll gain 30 horsepower' and it is an outright lie (I'd like to throw shade at a few brands here but I won't). A lot of companies will try and defeat liability altogether by stating their products are for "off-road or track use only" with the implication being that if it fails on the road that is the owner's fault.

Let's address the liability issue specifically with brakes. Most OEMs will have approved suppliers, so if you go and fit a certified rotor aftermarket the OEM can try and use that to evade liabilities on unrelated issues, which is why a lot of government legislation will allow for 'OEM equivalent' parts. So lets say you have a common car, and you get a set of cheap generic rotors, how do you even know if they're certified? With cheap mass produced parts its pretty hard to hide from oversight but it does happen. With bespoke and performance parts however it is very common to have parts with no certifications at all widely accepted and used. There are only two ways brake kits exist, you're one of a small batch of aftermarket retail manufacturers, or, you're buying parts from one of those suppliers and fitting them for your application. So any given aftermarket kit sold as 'specific brand name BBK' is almost certainly not made by that place, but purchased from a supplier and assembled. If you contact a retailer who is doing this they should be able to tell you exactly who makes the parts they're using, and if they don't you need to assume for you're own safety that they're using the lowest bidder and be sceptical of the quality. The only aftermarket supplies for brakes for these cars I could find were in the category of 'we don't make it but we won't tell you anything about who does' with one exception, so ultimately I made the decision of safety first. And a really good reason to be distrustful of products like that is that as you can see from my build, that information is so widely available that it is in retail catalogues so if someone is trying to hide their supply chain that is a very serious warning sign. As for the liability of what I'm building specifically. The front rotors are an off the shelf product, and I'm following the manufacturers guidelines on mounting and usage, so if the rotor failed I'm confident that I personally wouldn't be liable. The bolts are MIL spec, so if they failed the manufacturer of those would be liable. I've designed the rotor, and I've done the engineering on those - so I would hold a limited liability on those, that is to say if they are used in a way that I prescribe and they fail, then I would be liable. I'd also be liable for the rear rotors since I'm modifying those outside the manufactures recommended use, but again I've done the engineering on that so I take ownership. That is more ownership than you'll find from any aftermarket kit, partially because I'm willing to define what I've done instead of pretending that my mystery collection of parts was an invention. At this point it becomes a matter of trust; some people are just willing to trust a brand isn't misleading them even when they provide no technical information.

So yes, financial liabilities exist but that is by far the easiest to mitigate through insurance and structuring your limits of liability. This is distinctly different and less significant than certification as that is very region specific and can have much less to do with safety as it does ensuring certain check marks are made. An example is that the Australian Design Rules require brakes to be safe up to a stopping force of -0.61g, which is easily exceed by modern tyres. In this example you're trusting the manufacturer far more than the certification but compliance with that guideline is still required in Australia. I guarantee that any aftermarket kit you can buy for any car that isn't made by a big brand like Wilwood is not certified for most markets. When you see any place selling MX-5 brake kits with Wilwood calipers, you're assuming that specific caliper is certified for use in your region and that that rotor is certified, and even then depending on how your legislation is framed the kit may need certification separated from the individual components, and then how insurance interacts with it all...

Anyway, this is an unsolvable international legal quagmire. All I can do is take comfort in the fact that I know I'm doing things properly and safely. The point I'm trying to make is that worry far less about whether someone tells you that they're insured and far more about how they can demonstrate that they're safe in the first place
 

lifes2short

Member
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5,831
lifes2short said:
cant be 4rsed to read this whole post but sounds interesting, probably mentioned already by someone but wouldn't this be a problem for insurance purposes, seems like a good get out clause if in accident and not disclosed, not that insurance companies need much of an excuse to wriggle anyway
QUOTE:A few people have raised this, what is it with UK insurance? Is it particularly aggressive or what? I mean just on youtube there are a million car channels in the UK with people running all kinds of modifications including brake kits, surely there must be some framework for OEM replacements and performance parts? The short version is it shouldn't be an issue, the rotors I'm using are widely available around the world and compliant with a whole massive bucket load of certifications and compliance stuff.QUOTE


It's more the bespoke machined stuff that would probably be an issue for an insurance company, unless disclosed it's bespoke they're probably assuming you're using off the shelf components that have gone through all the usual government safety checks/compliance etc , especially if it's a critical component under stress and then it fails resulting in total loss and fatalities etc, bit dramatic i know but a serious consideration
 

lambertius

Banned
Messages
341
I'd be surprised if anyone who doesn't own these cars would think it is anything other than OEM. That also raises the question, how many would you need to make before it isn't bespoke? Like if you're in a low volume sales environment.
 

Zep

Moderator
Messages
9,261
It is absolutely the case that public and product liability insurance is available and that it costs money, quite a lot in some cases. The insurers assess the likelihood and severity of an incident, the volume of product sales and the markets into which the products will be sold as some territories have different legal definitions and periods of liability for certain product sold. It doesn’t matter whether it is “bespoke” or not, it is a product.

This is completely seperate from motor insurance regardless of whether mods are declared or not. There will be clauses in standard motor insurance policies which will exclude cover in certain circumstances, such as the use of parts which they might consider substandard - or they can allege to be to their own ends.

In the event of a failure that causes a loss the motor insurers will look and the circumstances and if possible seek redress from the designer or manufacturer. You need cover to both defend any action and to cover the liability if this is proven. Where individual components are purchased and then combined before use the manufacturer will have cover for the components but not the combination / modification so this is also worth considering.
 

spn

Junior Member
Messages
88
I'd be surprised if anyone who doesn't own these cars would think it is anything other than OEM. That also raises the question, how many would you need to make before it isn't bespoke? Like if you're in a low volume sales environment.

You'd definitely need to declare your brakes as a modification in the UK, being a two piece design. Basically UK insurance companies don't like paying out money, something to do with profits... and will use undeclared modifications as an excuse not to pay.

That said they model risk to get the premiums and if you modify your car, it changes your risk profile. There is a history of people in the UK not declaring mods and having issues. I always declare any modification to a car and have never had any issues.

My view would be that if I declared the modification, it would be covered. There are loads of cars driving around were the buck stops with the insurance company; pretty much any properly British car because the manufacturer doesn't exist and anything that wasn't intended for the UK domestic market. There are also a lot of modifications produced by Chinese companies for some cars where the importer has ceased trading and there will be no chance of pursuing the manufacturer.

Cheers,

Simon
 

lambertius

Banned
Messages
341
I've got a mate in the UK who said that insurance is much more heavily geared towards not paying out than over this way, apparently fraud is much more of an issue.

I do think overall it is a bit of a non-issue, like you I declare everything to my insurer. Even if the changes are OEM equivalent all my cars are correctly documented and my insurance premiums take it into account. At the advice of a lawyer friend I'm also registering a Pty LTD so that I can insure the product with liability insurance as a few people have messaged me about it. The first guy was pretty DIY, so I was just going to send him the CAD files and then he could do what he wanted UAYOR, but the others less so and I wasn't really comfortable selling parts but still wanted to help out. Anyway, the point is my insurance will know, and I'm going to be selling myself a part through my own Pty LTD with its own business liability insurance. Unless I fall in a bucket of money and get it TUV certified I'd say that this is better covered than the average performance part I can buy, and I get the satisfaction that I did it myself!
 

spn

Junior Member
Messages
88
I've got a mate in the UK who said that insurance is much more heavily geared towards not paying out than over this way, apparently fraud is much more of an issue.

I do think overall it is a bit of a non-issue, like you I declare everything to my insurer. Even if the changes are OEM equivalent all my cars are correctly documented and my insurance premiums take it into account. At the advice of a lawyer friend I'm also registering a Pty LTD so that I can insure the product with liability insurance as a few people have messaged me about it. The first guy was pretty DIY, so I was just going to send him the CAD files and then he could do what he wanted UAYOR, but the others less so and I wasn't really comfortable selling parts but still wanted to help out. Anyway, the point is my insurance will know, and I'm going to be selling myself a part through my own Pty LTD with its own business liability insurance. Unless I fall in a bucket of money and get it TUV certified I'd say that this is better covered than the average performance part I can buy, and I get the satisfaction that I did it myself!

TUV (German certification) won't help in the UK, especially now we've left the EU. If there was any issue over the design, (assuming the mod was declared to the insurers) the fact that you've done and published proper calculations and are using "assured" parts, should help mitigate any issues.
 

lambertius

Banned
Messages
341
TUV certify for a whole range of things, like NATA and ISO9001. They may well certify brakes to ADRs or international braking compliance codes.

But yes, your point is my point. If it were that hard to make aftermarket parts you wouldn't have Uncle Barry's mechanic installing half the parts they do. I'll need to redo my calculations later, as I overestimated the forces applied. After discussing it with an engineer and reading some books I'll do a proper calculation, but I need to measure the caliper piston area to do it. Anyway, the point is I'm sure that they won't fail unless I do something stupid like drive with the handbrake on as it would warp the Aluminium. I thought about doing steel or cast iron, but since I have the CAD files on account of literally making them if I mess up I can just make another.
 

lambertius

Banned
Messages
341


My fiancee just collected these for me! When I'm home from work I'll be able test fit them finally!

The milspec bolts have arrived in Australia, and I sent off some drawings to get the rear rotors made!

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